What is the LCL?
The knee is a large joint that primarily moves in one direction—bending and straightening. To prevent unwanted movement, it relies on strong ligaments, including the Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) on the outer knee and the Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) on the inner side. The LCL’s main function is to stop the lower leg from shifting too far inward. Though strong, it can still be injured.
How Do LCL Tears Happen?
LCL tears are less common than MCL injuries but can occur due to inward knee pressure or excessive twisting. They are often seen in sports that involve rapid direction changes or direct impact (e.g., rugby tackles) but can also result from falls.
Symptoms of an LCL Tear
- A ‘popping’ sound at the time of injury
- Pain when putting weight on the leg
- Swelling and knee instability
LCL injuries are classified as:
- Grade I: Mild stretching with minimal damage
- Grade II: Partial tear with some instability
- Grade III: Complete rupture causing significant instability
Diagnosing an LCL Tear
Physiotherapists assess knee stability through clinical tests, and severe cases may require an MRI or X-ray. In some instances, nerve damage may accompany the tear, leading to weakness or numbness in the lower leg.
How Physiotherapy Helps
For non-surgical cases, physiotherapy focuses on joint support and rehabilitation. Initially, the RICE method (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) helps reduce swelling. After 48 hours, guided movement and exercises aid recovery, with full healing typically taking 6 to 12 weeks.
Since ligament injuries affect balance, strength, and proprioception, rehabilitation is crucial in preventing future injuries. If surgery is needed, recovery will take longer and require close monitoring by medical professionals.
Always consult a healthcare provider for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.